morning sun." Mr. Zwerin paid tribute to the pioneering off orts of ONE Magazine and the Mattachine Review, and to the dedicated work of such people as Hal Call, editor of the Review, and D. Stewart Lucas, executive secretary of the Mattachine Society, both of whom have been active with the Society since its inception.

The attorney pointed out that the Kinsey reports did a great deal in softening the public's attitudes. He also stressed the importance of the Wolfenden Report in England. "Although most people know little about this report, it has been debated in public and approved by churches in England, even though it has not been made into law."

Referring to a recent case in California in which he successfully defended a young man charged with violating the state's registration law for sex offenders (see THE LADDER, June, 1958, page 20) before the Appellate Court, thereby securing a partial clarification of the law, Mr. Zwerin declared: "The very fact that we could argue such a case before a court is indicative of happier times."

"As long as wo have a government of law we must accept it. Changes in the law must come through the state legislatures."

Mr. Zwerin pointed out that it is not a crime to be a homosexual. The law forbids certain specific sexual acts. "The law does not differentiate between homosexual and heterosexual practices in this respect," he added.

By and large, he declared, the civil rights of individuals are protected. When they are not it is usually because the individual does not urge his rights and/or his attorney takes the line of least resistance.

In summary, Mr. Zwerin expressed his doubts that there will bo any great changes in the state legislatures or in human nature in the next 10 years. "But something may happen as a result of the work of people like Dr. Harry Benjamin, Robert Lindner and Albert Ellis, people who are not afraid of speaking out.

"I seem to bring you a message not of great hope, but not great despair."

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